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<i>Procambarus clarkii</i> is adept at using natural shelters and caves to evade attacks from predators. However, the concealment abilities and mechanisms of <i>P. clarkii</i> for different types of shelters under predation pressure have not yet been reported. In this study, laboratory experiments were carried out to determine the effects of different coverages (25%, 50%, and 75%) and different combinations (I–VII) of three types of shelters (PVC pipes, water grass, and stone) on the predation rhythm, behavior, and abilities of <i>Silurus asotus</i> on <i>P. clarkii.</i> The results indicated that the predation of <i>S. asotus</i> on <i>P. clarkii</i> exhibited significant rhythmicity under shelter conditions, excluding PVC pipes, 75% stone, and combination VI. Among the three types of shelters, PVC pipes provided the strongest concealment, followed by stone and water grass. With the increase in shelter coverage, the anti-predation ability of <i>P. clarkii</i> continued to increase, and the optimal shade rate for water grass was 50%. In the different shelter combinations, the environmental complexity had little effect on the predation activity of <i>S. asotus</i> on <i>P. clarkii</i>. These findings demonstrated that the type and abundance of shelters in the wild environment can affect the predation rhythm and activities of <i>S. asotus</i> on <i>P. clarkii.</i>