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[Purpose/Significance] Malaysia is an important member of "one belt, one road". A comparative analysis of patents on the national level brings macro-level scientific and technological information. It can provide reference for the strategy of building "one belt, one road" and formulating science and technology related policies. [Method/Process] Through IPC statistics and keyword extraction, this paper interprets the technical field distribution of mutual registered patents between Malaysia and China in each other's countries. Then it compares and analyzes the registration time line, the type of patentees and the source country of citations, and then analyzes the patent competition relationships between the two countries based on IPC co-occurrence network and patent citation types.[Results/Conclusions] The results show that China has significant advantages in the fields of information technology and chemical engineering, while Malaysia has rich experience in the development of palm, rubber products and other animal and plant products; More types of Malaysian patentees are engaged in patent registering in China; Malaysia is technically dependent on China; Malaysia is competitive in the following fields: animal and plant product research and development, pharmaceutical manufacturing, general/special equipment manufacturing, electrical machinery manufacturing, environmental management, information transmission and software.