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(1) Background: We explored, for the first time, the contribution of angiogenic T cells (TAng) in interstitial lung disease associated to autoimmune disease (AD-ILD⁺) as potential biomarkers of the disease, evaluating their role in the underlying vasculopathy and lung fibrosis. Additionally, the relationship of TAng with clinical manifestations and cellular and molecular endothelial dysfunction-related biomarkers was assessed. (2) Methods: We included 57 AD-ILD⁺ patients (21 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-ILD⁺, 21 with systemic sclerosis (SSc)-ILD⁺ and 15 with other AD-ILD⁺) and three comparative groups: 45 AD-ILD⁻ patients (25 RA-ILD⁻ and 20 SSc-ILD⁻); 21 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients; 21 healthy controls (HC). TAng were considered as CD3⁺CD184⁺CD31⁺ by flow cytometry. (3) Results: A similar TAng frequency was found between AD-ILD⁺ and IPF, being in both cases lower than that observed in AD-ILD⁻ and HC. A lower TAng frequency was associated with negative Scl-70 status and lower FEV1/FVC ratio in SSc-ILD⁺, as well as with men in RA-ILD⁺ and non-specific interstitial pneumonia radiological pattern in other AD-ILD⁺. No relationship between TAng and endothelial progenitor cells, endothelial cells and vascular endothelial growth factor gene expression and protein levels was disclosed. (4) Conclusions: Our findings suggest TAng as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of ILD in AD.