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T cell mediated hypersensitivity to previously tolerated iodinated contrast media precipitated by introduction of atezolizumab
oleh: Munir Pirmohamed, Anna Olsson-Brown, Lorenzo Ressel, Sean Hammond, Joshua Gardner, Serat-E Ali, Paul Thomson, Carol Jolly, Dan Carr, Dean Naisbitt
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | BMJ Publishing Group 2021-05-01 |
Deskripsi
Many adverse reactions associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatments are immunologically driven and may necessitate discontinuation of the ICI. Herein, we present a patient who had been administered the radio contrast media amidotrizoate multiple times without issue but who then developed a Stevens-Johnson syndrome reaction after coadministration of atezolizumab. Causality was confirmed by a positive re-challenge with amidotrizoate and laboratory investigations that implicated T cells. Importantly, the introduction of atezolizumab appears to have altered the immunologic response to amidotrizoate in terms of the tolerance–elicitation continuum. Proof of concept studies demonstrated enhancement of recall responses to a surrogate antigen panel following in-vitro (healthy donors) and in-vivo (ICI patients) administrations of ICIs. Our findings highlight the importance of considering all concomitant medications in patients on ICIs who develop immune-mediated adverse reactions. In the event of some immune-related adverse reactions, it may be critical to identify the culprit antigen-forming entity that the ICIs have altered the perception of rather than simply attribute causality to the ICI itself in order to optimize both patient safety and treatment of malignancies.