Detection of Chimeric Cellular: HIV mRNAs Generated Through Aberrant Splicing in HIV-1 Latently Infected Resting CD4+ T Cells

oleh: Michelle Y-H Lee, Georges Khoury, Moshe Olshansky, Secondo Sonza, Glen P. Carter, Glen P. Carter, James McMahon, Timothy P. Stinear, Timothy P. Stinear, Stephen J. Turner, Sharon R. Lewin, Sharon R. Lewin, Sharon R. Lewin, Damian F. J. Purcell

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-04-01

Deskripsi

Latent HIV-1 provirus in infected individuals on suppressive therapy does not always remain transcriptionally silent. Both HIV-1 LTR and human gene promoter derived transcriptional events can contribute HIV-1 sequences to the mRNA produced in the cell. In addition, chimeric cellular:HIV mRNA can arise through readthrough transcription and aberrant splicing. Using target enrichment coupled to the Illumina Mi-Seq and PacBio RS II platforms, we show that 3’ LTR activation is frequent in latently infected cells from both the CCL19-induced primary cell model of HIV-1 latency as well as ex vivo samples. In both systems of latent HIV-1 infection, we detected several chimeric species that were generated via activation of a cryptic splice donor site in the 5’ LTR of HIV-1. Aberrant splicing involving the major HIV-1 splice donor sites, SD1 and SD4 disrupts post-transcriptional processing of the gene in which HIV-1 is integrated. In the primary cell model of HIV-1 latency, Tat-encoding sequences are incorporated into the chimeric mRNA transcripts through the use of SD4. Our study unravels clues to the characteristics of HIV-1 integrants that promote formation of chimeric cellular:HIV mRNA and improves the understanding of the HIV-1 RNA footprint in latently infected cells.