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River–riparian interface (RRI) plays a crucial role in nitrogen removal and N₂O emissions, but different revetment constructions can significantly alter the associated outcomes. Identifying which type of revetment can reduce N₂O emissions while still removing nitrogen is a key issue in urban development. This study constructed three types of revetments along the same river section, and measured soil, vegetation, microbial, denitrification, and N₂O emission characteristics to explore the synergistic effects of revetment types on nitrogen removal and N₂O emissions. The study showed that revetments affected nitrogen removal and N₂O emissions in RRI by influencing denitrification. nirK mainly affected nitrogen removal, while nosZII mainly influenced N₂O emissions. Environmental factors in the permeable revetment led to significantly higher gene abundances of nirK and nosZII compared to those in the natural and impermeable revetments. As a result, the denitrification potential of the permeable revetment (34.32 ± 1.17 mg/(kg·d)) was 22.43% and 8.84% higher than those of the natural and impermeable revetments, respectively. The N₂O emission rate (0.35 ± 0.01 mg/(m²·h)) was 29.22% and 22.19% lower than those of the natural and impermeable revetments, respectively. Permeable revetment could have been the best for the nitrogen removal and N₂O emission reduction. These results provide a theoretical basis and guidance for urban ecological construction.