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This study investigated the photocatalytic degradation of RB dye by V₂O₅@g-C₃N₄ nano-catalysts. The sonication method was utilized to create V₂O₅@g-C₃N₄ nano-catalysts. V₂O₅@g-C₃N₄ nano-catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), high-resolution electron microscopy (TEM), BET-surface area analyzer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ultraviolet spectroscopy. In the meantime, the photocatalytic activity, pH, and photocatalyst dosage are investigated in depth to account for RB dye decolorization. The rate constant for RB dye photodegradation was 0.0517 (min⁻¹) and the decolorization rate was 93.4%. The degrading efficiency of RB dye by V₂O₅@g-C₃N₄ nanocatalysts is consistent with pseudo-first-order kinetics. The results of this study demonstrated that V₂O₅@g-C₃N₄ nanocatalysts are particularly effective at destroying dyes in water.