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With the increase in the number of people with food allergy across the globe, people are increasingly concerned about food allergy. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) plays an important immunological role in the development of food allergy. An increasing number of studies have shown that food allergy and IBD have similar epidemiological data, pathogenesis and clinical symptoms, and the treatments for them are similar. Moreover, IBD can increase the risk of food allergy. This review begins with a discussion of the similarity between the incidence and clinical symptoms of food allergy and IBD, focusing on the pathogenesis of food allergy and IBD as well as the factors associated with their occurrence. Finally, we summarize the strategies for IBD patients to alleviate and avoid food allergy in the future. The purpose of this paper is to provide a scientific understanding of the relationship between food allergy and IBD, and provide new information for the prevention and treatment of food allergy in patients with IBD.