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A Bacteriophage Cocktail Reduces Five Relevant <i>Salmonella</i> Serotypes at Low Multiplicities of Infection and Low Temperatures
oleh: Tamar Gvaladze, Hansjörg Lehnherr, Julia Große-Kleimann, Stefan Hertwig
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2023-09-01 |
Deskripsi
<i>Salmonella</i> are important pathogenic bacteria and, following <i>Campylobacter</i>, they are the second most common cause of bacterial foodborne infections worldwide. To reduce the presence of bacteria along the food chain, the application of bacteriophages (phages) may be a promising tool. In this study, the lytic properties of six phages against five relevant <i>Salmonella</i> serotypes (<i>S.</i> Enteritidis, <i>S</i>. Typhimurium, <i>S</i>. Infantis, <i>S</i>. Paratyphi B and <i>S</i>. Indiana) were analyzed. Three phages were able to lyse all five serotypes. We determined the lytic potential of each phage on indicator strains in vitro at room temperature (RT) and at 37 °C using low multiplicities of infection (MOIs). Most phages reduced their host more efficiently at RT than at 37 °C, even at the lowest MOI of 0.001. Following this, the lytic activity of a cocktail comprising five phages (MOI = 0.1) was examined with each of the five serotypes and a mix of them at RT, 15, 12, 10, 8 and 6 °C. All cultures of single serotypes as well as the mixture of strains were significantly reduced at temperatures as low as 8 °C. For single serotypes, reductions of up to 5 log<sub>10</sub> units and up to 2.3 log<sub>10</sub> units were determined after 6 h (RT) and 40 h (8 °C), respectively. The mixture of strains was reduced by 1.7 log<sub>10</sub> units at 8 °C. The data clearly suggest that these phages are suitable candidates for biocontrol of various <i>Salmonella</i> serotypes under food manufacturing conditions.