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This study explored molecular mechanisms of resveratrol (RES) on regulating skeletal fiber-type switching in pigs. RES had no effect on growth performance of pigs. Remarkably, myosin heavy chain (MyHC)1 and MyHC2a mRNA level were increased, while MyHC2b decreasing in Longissimus thoracis (LT) after RES treatment. Meanwhile, RES increased enzyme activities including Succinate Dehydrogenase (SDH) and Malate Dehydrogenase (MDH) in LT. Moreover, RES upregulated the plasma AdipoQ concentration, the expression of AdipoQ, Adiponectin receptor 1(AdipoR1), AdipoR2, AMPK and PGC-1α in AdipoQ signaling pathway in pigs. In addition, RES treating the porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells results showed that RES increased the expression of AdipoR1, AMPK, PGC-1α, MyHC1 and MyHC2a, while decreasing MyHC2b expression. Although RES was added into cells, the AMPK and PGC-1α expression could not be increased by knockdown of AdipoR1 expression. This study demonstrated that RES increased the proportion of oxidative muscle fiber through the AdipoR1-AMPK-PGC-1α pathway in pigs.