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Source localization is an important problem in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). An exciting state-of-the-art algorithm for this problem is maximum likelihood (ML), which has sufficient spatial samples and consumes much energy. In this paper, an effective method based on compressed sensing (CS) is proposed for multiple source locations in received signal strength-wireless sensor networks (RSS-WSNs). This algorithm models unknown multiple source positions as a sparse vector by constructing redundant dictionaries. Thus, source parameters, such as source positions and energy, can be estimated by ℓ 1 -norm minimization. To speed up the algorithm, an effective construction of multiresolution dictionary is introduced. Furthermore, to improve the capacity of resolving two sources that are close to each other, the adaptive dictionary refinement and the optimization of the redundant dictionary arrangement (RDA) are utilized. Compared to ML methods, such as alternating projection, the CS algorithm can improve the resolution of multiple sources and reduce spatial samples of WSNs. The simulations results demonstrate the performance of this algorithm.