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Biological researches have attracted wide attentions in recent years, mimicking the morphology of creatures, learning the function of morphology and applying it to the engineering area have become the research focus. Investigating the special function of bionic surface texturing based on geometric morphology can provide us ideas to optimize surface properties of materials,extend the materials service life, widen the scope of application of materials, and improve the application values of materials. Through studying on the principle and application of hydrophobicity, bionic drag reduction, antifriction and wear-resistant due to the geometric morphology, the different functions of bionic texturing were explored, the future development directions of focusing on bionic patterns preparation and mechanism exploration were clarified, and further the surface treatment on materials was carried out to prepare the materials with more superior properties.