Find in Library

The aim of this study was to evaluate the transport phenomena of smoke flow and vertical temperature distribution in a 21-story stairwell with multiple fire locations and openings. A large eddy simulation (LES) method was used to model the smoke flow in a stairwell model with a set of simulation parameters, wherein the fire heat release rate (HRR) and fire location were varied. Based on the results, a wall attachment effect was found in three-dimensional figures. Moreover, with an increase in the fire HRR, the effects were more pronounced. The simulation results verified that the vertical temperature distribution is an index model with a natural logarithm, where the pre-finger factor and attenuation coefficient increase considerably in accordance with an increase in the fire HRR. Moreover, there was a decrease in the maximum temperature (<i>T_m</i>) with an increase in the fire location factor (<i>h*</i>) due to the upward thermal smoke. Moreover, heat mainly accumulates in the area above a fire source. However, <i>h*</i> has a slight influence on the time required to reach <i>T_m</i> within the range of 53&#8211;64 s. Furthermore, the direction of the airflow at each side opening in the stairwell varied in accordance with the variation in the fire location changes, and a regular calculation was carried out.