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The “compressed sensing” theory is the foundation for the compressed sampling system’s design. In addition to the sparse representation and observation matrix, more studies in compressed sensing theory focus on signal reconstruction and recovery. Only a small number of research studies estimate the original signal parameter information using the compressed sample data. In this research, we propose a linear frequency modulation (LFM) signal parameter estimation approach based on the Gabor transform for the enhanced Modulated Wideband Converter (MWC) system, which can directly estimate the parameters of an LFM signal utilizing compressed sampling data. Based on the MWC system prototype, a better MWC system based on Gabor transform is created by fusing the Gabor transform with compressed sensing theory, and the system’s structure, function, parameter settings, and viability are all examined. Finally, we show through a simulation experiment that the proposed method is capable of accurately estimating the parameter information of a huge broadband LFM signal by merely restoring Gabor coefficients.