Find in Library
Search millions of books, articles, and more
Indexed Open Access Databases
A Review of the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of Human T-Cell Lymphotrophic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) With a Proposed Management Algorithm
oleh: Rachael S. Barr, Simon B. Drysdale, Simon B. Drysdale, Mary Boullier, Hermione Lyall, Lucy Cook, Lucy Cook, Graham P. Collins, Dominic F. Kelly, Dominic F. Kelly, Lorna Phelan, Graham P. Taylor
Format: | Article |
---|---|
Diterbitkan: | Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-07-01 |
Deskripsi
Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a human retrovirus that is endemic in a number of regions across the world. There are an estimated 5–10 million people infected worldwide. Japan is currently the only country with a national antenatal screening programme in place. HTLV-1 is primarily transmitted sexually in adulthood, however it can be transmitted from mother-to-child perinatally. This can occur transplacentally, during the birth process or via breastmilk. If HTLV-1 is transmitted perinatally then the lifetime risk of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma rises from 5 to 20%, therefore prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HTLV-1 is a public health priority. There are reliable immunological and molecular tests available for HTLV-1 diagnosis during pregnancy and screening should be considered on a country by country basis. Further research on best management is needed particularly for pregnancies in women with high HTLV-1 viral load. A first step would be to establish an international registry of cases and to monitor outcomes for neonates and mothers. We have summarized key risk factors for mother-to-child transmission of HTLV-1 and subsequently propose a pragmatic guideline for management of mothers and infants in pregnancy and the perinatal period to reduce the risk of transmission. This is clinically relevant in order to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HTLV-1 and it's complications.