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Application of LC-MS/MS-based molecular networking indicated the ethanol extract of octocoral <i>Asterospicularia laurae</i> is a potential source for the discovery of new xenicane derivatives. A natural product investigation of this soft coral resulted in the isolation of four new xenicane diterpenoids, asterolaurins O–R (<b>1</b>–<b>4</b>), together with six known compounds, xeniolide-A (<b>5</b>), isoxeniolide-A (<b>6</b>), xeniolide-B (<b>7</b>), 7,8-epoxyxeniolide-B (<b>8</b>), 7,8-oxido-isoxeniolide-A (<b>9</b>), and 9-hydroxyxeniolide-F (<b>10</b>). The structures of isolated compounds were characterized by employing spectroscopic analyses, including 2D-NMR (COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY) and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESIMS). Asterolaurin O is the first case of brominated tricarbocyclic type floridicin in the family Xeniidae. Concerning bioactivity, the cytotoxic activity of those isolates was evaluated. As a result, compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> demonstrated a selective cytotoxic effect against the MCF-7 cell line at IC₅₀ of 14.7 and 25.1 μM, respectively.