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Introduction:We examined the effects of chitosan (CTS) for reducing cisplatin (CIS)-induced hepatorenal toxicity in a rat model.Methods:A hepatorenal toxicity model was established by administering a single dose of 7 mg/kg CIS intraperitoneally (i.p) to Wistar albino rats. After seven days of once-daily normal saline or CTS (200 mg/kg; po) treatment, liver and kidney tissue samples were obtained from rats and Bcl-2/Bax ratio and caspase-3 expression levels were evaluated by Western blotting method. Histologically, structural damage was measured under a light microscope, and the degree of damage to organs was evaluated by a scoring system.Results:CIS-induced hepatorenal damage was reversed with CTS treatment in the renal and hepatic tissues (p<0.05). Overall, CIS-induced increases in apoptotic parameters, Bcl-2/Bax ratio and caspase-3 expression, were reversed by CTS treatment (p<0.05).Conclusion:It was determined that CTS, a biopolymer, may have a protective effect by preventing hepatorenal damage caused by CIS.