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The article explains the reasons for nomination and traces the dynamics of the contents of the “dialogue of civilizations” and “alliance of civilizations” concepts. The reasons and circumstances that led to the ineffectiveness of attempts at their practical implementation are considered. The corresponding initiatives did not have a genuinely civilizational scale, closing in the framework of two monotheistic religions – Christianity and Islam.The author postulates two sets of problems, around which a possible intercivilizational dialogue is possible -demographic problems and consumption optimization.