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Development of a Tailored Sol-Gel Immobilized Biocatalyst for Sustainable Synthesis of the Food Aroma Ester <i>n</i>-Amyl Caproate in Continuous Solventless System
oleh: Corina Vasilescu, Cristina Paul, Simona Marc, Iosif Hulka, Francisc Péter
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2022-08-01 |
Deskripsi
This study reports the synthesis of a hybrid sol-gel material, based on organically modified silanes (ORMOSILs) with epoxy functional groups, and its application in the stabilization of lipase type B from <i>Candida antarctica</i> (CalB) through sol-gel entrapment. The key immobilization parameters in the sol-gel entrapment of lipase using epoxysilanes were optimized by the design of numerous experiments, demonstrating that glycidoxypropyl-trimethoxysilane can allow the formation of a matrix with excellent properties in view of the biocatalytic esterifications catalyzed by this lipase, at an enzyme loading of 25 g/mol of silane. The characterization of the immobilized biocatalyst and the correlation of its catalytic efficiency with the morphological and physicochemical properties of the sol-gel matrix was accomplished through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fluorescence microscopy (FM), as well as thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA). The operational and thermal stability of lipase were increased as a result of immobilization, with the entrapped lipase retaining 99% activity after 10 successive reaction cycles in the batch solventless synthesis of <i>n</i>-amyl caproate. A possible correlation of optimal productivity and yield was attempted for this immobilized lipase via the continuous flow synthesis of <i>n</i>-amyl caproate in a solventless system. The robustness and excellent biocatalytic efficiency of the optimized biocatalyst provide a promising solution for the synthesis of food-grade flavor esters, even at larger scales.