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In this paper, we establish a regularity criterion for solutions to the Navier-stokes equations, which is only related to one component of the velocity field. Let $(u, p)$ be a weak solution to the Navier-Stokes equations. We show that if any one component of the velocity field $u$, for example $u_3$, satisfies either $u_3 in L^infty({mathbb{R}}^3imes (0, T))$ or $abla u_3 in L^p (0, T; L^q({mathbb{R}}^3))$ with $1/p + 3/2q = 1/2$ and $q geq 3$ for some $T > 0$, then $u$ is regular on $[0, T]$.