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The incidence of urinary retention during pregnancy is low which is mainly manifested as dysuria, frequent urination, incomplete urination, lower abdominal distension and abdominal pain and may induce severe complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes, so the early identification and treatment of urinary retention during pregnancy are crucial in clinical practice. Only by timely symptomatic and etiological treatment can the adverse outcome be avoided. This article made a review of the research progress of etiology, diagnosis and treatment, to provide diagnostic and therapeutic approaches and reference for clinical physicians.