A “Turn-Off” Pyrene-Based Ligand as a Fluorescent Sensor for the Detection of Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>2+</sup> Ions: Synthesis and Application in Real Water Samples, Logic Gate Construction, and Bio-Imaging

oleh: Bhavana G. Gowda, Muzaffar Iqbal, Shiva Prasad Kollur

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: MDPI AG 2024-05-01

Deskripsi

Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a novel Schiff base ligand, (Z)-5-((pyren-1-ylmethylene)amino)-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one (<b>PMDP</b>). The characterization of ligand <b>PMDP</b> was carried out using ESI-MS, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, and UV–Visible spectroscopic techniques. As a probe, <b>PMDP</b> displayed a detectable, colorimetric colour shift in the presence of Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>2+</sup> ions. The solution was seen to have a light brown colour and to exhibit a fluorometric “turn off” response when Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>2+</sup> ions were present in a DMSO solution (HEPES 0.01 M, pH = 7.4) at room temperature. Job’s plot revealed that the <b>PMDP</b> binding ratio to Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>2+</sup> ions was in 1:2 ratio. In contrast to the other metal ions (Cd<sup>2+</sup>, Mn<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>2+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, Ni<sup>2+</sup>, Cu<sup>+</sup>, Fe<sup>3+</sup>, Hg<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Zn<sup>2+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, and V<sup>5+</sup>), the synthesised probe showed exceptional sensitivity and selectivity for detecting Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>2+</sup> metal ions. The results indicate that the detection limits for Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>2+</sup> are 0.42 μM and 0.51 μM, respectively. Furthermore, <b>PMDP</b> was efficiently utilised for the quantitative analysis of Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>2+</sup> in real water samples, RGB colour values in smart phones, logic gate construction, and cell imaging in HeLa cells.