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<i>Chenopodium ambrosioides</i> (L.) is a medicinal and aromatic plant widely used in the Moroccan traditional medicine for its important pharmacological properties. In order to contribute to the valorization of this plant, the current study aimed at evaluating, for the first time, the variation in the yield, chemical composition, and insecticidal and phytotoxic activities of <i>C. ambrosioides</i> essential oil (CAEO) isolated from leaves and inflorescences. The results obtained showed that the CAEO yields vary significantly according to the distilled plant part, with 0.75 ± 0.15% for the leaves and 1.2 ± 0.34% for the inflorescences. CAEO profiling showed quantitative more than qualitative differences. Leaf CAEO was rich in δ-3-carene (61.51%), followed by p-cymene (14.67%) and 1,2:3,4-diepoxy-p-menthane (6.19%). However, inflorescence CAEO was dominated by the same compounds but with variable levels (δ-3-Carene: 44.29%; 1,2:3,4-diepoxy-p-menthane: 19.46%; and p-cymene: 17.85%). The CAEOs from the leaves and inflorescences showed a very interesting inhibiting effect on the germination and growth of the three species used, namely <i>Medicago sativa</i>, <i>Linum rusitatissimum</i>, and <i>Raphanus sativus</i>. However, there was no significant difference between these CAEOs. Similarly, for the insecticidal activity, CAEOs exhibited an important and similar toxicity against <i>Tribolium confusum</i> adults with LD₅₀ of 4.30 and 4.46 μL/L of air and LD₉₀ of 6.51 and 9.62 μL/L air for toxicity by fumigation, while values for contact toxicity on filter paper were 0.04 and 0.05 μL/cm² for LD₅₀ and 0.08 and 0.09 μL/cm² for LD₉₀.