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In order to isolate five kinds of bacteria which can degrade the formaldehyde and optimize the degradation conditions, the paper has done the following works: the formaldehyde degrading bacteria were selected in Yanshan campus of Guilin University of Technology after enrichment culture, screening, re-screening and purification. The strain which had the best degradation ability was used for fermentation conditions optimization by single factor experiment. The optimum fermentation conditions of a strain formaldehyde degrading bacteria isolated on purpose are as follows: the inoculation amount is 0.20%, the temperature is 30°C, the initial pH value is 7.0, aldehyde addition is every 100ml medium with 0.020ml formaldehyde and speed is 140r/min. Conclusion: under certain fermentation conditions, the formaldehyde degrading bacteria has a certain ability of formaldehyde degradation.