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The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of self-monitoring attention strategy on enhancement of attention and accuracy of reading in students with Down syndrome. For the purpose of this study, 3 girls with Down syndrome who were studying at one of the exceptional schools of Qom in academic year 2015-2016, were selected as the sample using purposive sampling. In this research, which is a single-subject and multi-line design with different subjects, in order to determine the amount of inattention behaviors, each participant was first carefully observed and their accurately measured and recorded. Then, during the intervention phase, each participant trains self- monitoring of attention strategy during the twelve sessions for 45 minutes. The behavior of these participants is also observed after the intervention phase in the follow-up sessions. Finally, the data analyzed by analyzing the visual diagrams and calculating the influence amount index. The results of the research show that the strategy of self-monitoring of attention increased the accuracy of all three participants.