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Cancer persists as a worldwide disease that contributes to high morbidity and mortality rates. As a class of non-coding RNA, microRNAs (miRNAs) are one kind of important regulators in cancer and frequently implicated in tumor development and progression. Emerging experiments have suggested that miRNA-195–5p (miR-195–5p) can regulate neoplastic processes in many pathways. For instance, miR-195–5p can not only regulate proliferation, migration and invasion of tumor cells but also promote tumor cell apoptosis. Furthermore, low expression of miR-195–5p could induce drug resistance. Our review focuses on the expression of miR-195–5p in various tumors and elucidates the related mechanisms of which miR-195–5p participates in tumor biology, as well as summarizes the roles of miR-195–5p in tumor progression. We believe that miR-195–5p might have potential utility as a novel diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for cancer.