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Background: Drug use evaluation studies are conducted to assess the pattern of prescribing and administration of a drug. Deep vein thrombosis is one of the most important clinical issues around the world. This study examined the pattern of enoxaparin consumption, one of the most widely used anticoagulants, for the prevention and treatment of thrombosis in a non-teaching hospital. Methods: In this cross-sectional prospective study, 117 patients receiving enoxaparin in different wards of Imam Sajjad Hospital in Ramsar, Iran, were studied. Data on how to prescribe and use enoxaparin were recorded in a questionnaire designed according to UpToDate recommendations. Demographic variables, prophylaxis, and therapeutic indications, prophylaxis and treatment doses, interval, and monitoring information were evaluated. Finally, the results were compared with UpToDate suggestions. Results: The mean age of patients was 68.9 years, and 52.1% were men. Enoxaparin was prescribed for 35.9% of patients as prophylaxis, and 64.1% received this drug for treatment. Overall, prophylactic doses were inappropriately administered in 41.5% of patients. Improper therapeutic doses were also prescribed for 52% of subjects. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the dosage and interval of enoxaparin administration were significantly inappropriate. It seems the prescribers must have more adherence to the valid and reliable enoxaparin guidelines for more rational practices.