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With the rapidly increased concerns in environmental pollution, there have been urgent needs to develop fast, sensitive, low-cost and multiplexed sensing devices for the detection of environmental pollutants. Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials hold great promise due to their unique chemical and physical properties, which have been extensively employed to monitor the environmental pollutants combined with different detection techniques. In this review, we summarize recent advances in 2D nanomaterials-based electrochemical sensors for detecting heavy metal ions, organic compounds, pesticides, antibiotics and bacteria. We also discuss perspectives and challenges of 2D nanomaterials in environmental monitoring. Keywords: Two dimensional, Nanomaterials, Electrochemical sensor, Environmental monitoring