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Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a diffuse interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology. The prevalence of lung cancer among patients with IPF may vary between 4% and 9%. In India, there are is reported cases of IPF associated with lung cancer. In this case report, a 65-year-old male presented with gradually progressive dyspnea and dry cough and his high-resolution computed tomography scan of thorax revealed usual interstitial pneumonia with left lower lobe lung mass. Computed tomography-guided fine needle aspiration cytology of the mass was suggestive of adenocarcinoma. Patient was treated with chemotherapy.