Sieve analysis of breakthrough HIV-1 sequences in HVTN 505 identifies vaccine pressure targeting the CD4 binding site of Env-gp120.
oleh: Allan C deCamp, Morgane Rolland, Paul T Edlefsen, Eric Sanders-Buell, Breana Hall, Craig A Magaret, Andrew J Fiore-Gartland, Michal Juraska, Lindsay N Carpp, Shelly T Karuna, Meera Bose, Steven LePore, Shana Miller, Annemarie O'Sullivan, Kultida Poltavee, Hongjun Bai, Kalpana Dommaraju, Hong Zhao, Kim Wong, Lennie Chen, Hasan Ahmed, Derrick Goodman, Matthew Z Tay, Raphael Gottardo, Richard A Koup, Robert Bailer, John R Mascola, Barney S Graham, Mario Roederer, Robert J O'Connell, Nelson L Michael, Merlin L Robb, Elizabeth Adams, Patricia D'Souza, James Kublin, Lawrence Corey, Daniel E Geraghty, Nicole Frahm, Georgia D Tomaras, M Juliana McElrath, Lisa Frenkel, Sheila Styrchak, Sodsai Tovanabutra, Magdalena E Sobieszczyk, Scott M Hammer, Jerome H Kim, James I Mullins, Peter B Gilbert
| Format: | Article |
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| Diterbitkan: | Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2017-01-01 |
Deskripsi
Although the HVTN 505 DNA/recombinant adenovirus type 5 vector HIV-1 vaccine trial showed no overall efficacy, analysis of breakthrough HIV-1 sequences in participants can help determine whether vaccine-induced immune responses impacted viruses that caused infection. We analyzed 480 HIV-1 genomes sampled from 27 vaccine and 20 placebo recipients and found that intra-host HIV-1 diversity was significantly lower in vaccine recipients (P ≤ 0.04, Q-values ≤ 0.09) in Gag, Pol, Vif and envelope glycoprotein gp120 (Env-gp120). Furthermore, Env-gp120 sequences from vaccine recipients were significantly more distant from the subtype B vaccine insert than sequences from placebo recipients (P = 0.01, Q-value = 0.12). These vaccine effects were associated with signatures mapping to CD4 binding site and CD4-induced monoclonal antibody footprints. These results suggest either (i) no vaccine efficacy to block acquisition of any viral genotype but vaccine-accelerated Env evolution post-acquisition; or (ii) vaccine efficacy against HIV-1s with Env sequences closest to the vaccine insert combined with increased acquisition due to other factors, potentially including the vaccine vector.