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α-NiS/g-C₃N₄ nanocomposites were synthesized and used for photocatalytic hydrogen (H₂) evolution and tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) degradation. The fabricated nanocomposites were characterized by XRD, XPS, SEM, TEM, UV-vis DRS, TRPL, and PEC measurements. Photocatalytic studies show that the hydrogen generation rate of the 15%-α-NiS/g-C₃N₄ nanocomposite reaches 4025 μmol·g⁻¹·h⁻¹ and TC degradation rate 64.6% within 120 min, both of which are higher than that of g-C₃N₄. The enhanced performance of the nanocomposite is attributed to the formation of a heterojunction between α-NiS and g-C₃N₄ that enhances visible light absorption, promotes the separation and transfer of charges, and inhibits the recombination of carriers. The photocatalytic mechanism of the α-NiS/g-C₃N₄ heterojunction nanocomposite is discussed in terms of relevant energy levels and charge transfer processes.