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In order to compare the oil repellent effect of microemulsion drive and water drive, the remarkable effect of improving recovery rate of microemulsion drive is proved from the microemulsion aspect by analyzing the crack core oil drive experiment and the distribution law of the residual oil in the pore. The experimental results show that the yield rate of microemulsion drive can increase by 10.8% compared with the water drive, and the final recovery rate is as high as 49.7%, which shows that the recovery rate of microemulsion drive system has a significant effect. The proportion of residual oil with pore decreased with the decrease of pore radius, which shows that the pore radius has a significant effect on the distribution of residual oil. And compared with the matrix core, the proportion of residual oil pore in the fissure core is larger and the oil removal efficiency is relatively low.