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The article encompasses a research on intraoral biosensors, which was conducted using keywords such as “Intraoral biosensors,” “health care monitoring devices,” “biomarkers”, “cloud servers,” “Internet of dental things (IoDT)” and “wireless sensors” in the databases of PubMed/Medline and Google Scholar between 1990 and 2020. Biomedical devices such as intraoral biosensors that are involved in continuous healthcare monitoring have garnered the attention of several researchers across the world. These devices function as an interconnecting link between the human systems and the outer environment. Recently, chair-side monitoring and early diagnostic tests are highly valuable for periodic monitoring and treatment planning for patients. These devices use biological reactions to detect and measure a particular chemical compound substance and then send an electronic signal. The chief advantages of these ubiquitous devices are high sensitivity and fast response. Intraoral biosensors integrate various materials and devices on one unique chip, hence functioning as the latest analytical and diagnostic tool of dentistry. This review highlights the basic concepts, principles and role of intraoral biosensors in the diagnosis of caries, periodontitis, oral cancer and dental fluorosis.