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This paper aims to investigate the dynamic characteristics of vacuum metal vapor arcs under rotating and traditional direct contact separation modes. Non-symmetrical pure copper electrodes with an anode radius of 7.5 mm and a cathode radius of 22.5 mm are employed in the experiments. The permanent magnet actuator provides an average opening speed of 1.0 m/s for cathode direct separation and 1–3 deg/ms for rotation. Results show that electrode rotation significantly influences the distribution and motion speed of the arc root on the cathode surface.