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The work summarizes changes, which involved the sugar and sugar beet production in Turkeyand in Poland, in the years 1995-2014. Sugar beet area in Turkey has decreased by 7% and in Poland by48%. Harvest has increased by 51% in Turkey and has remained unchanged in Poland. Sugar beet yieldhas increased: in Turkey by 63% and in Poland by 97%. 71% farmers have stopped cropping sugar beet,while in Poland this share has been 87%. Mean plantation size has increased in Turkey by over a factorof 2 (compared to 1997), while in Poland it has been by a factor of almost 4. Sugar production in Turkeyhas dropped by 13% (compared to 1997) and in Poland it has grown by 29%. Three new sugar plantsstarted operation in Turkey in the years 1995-2014. In Poland 58 facilities shut down. Turkey’s securingposition of major sugar producer is to be expected, under the conditions of increased pace of productionconcentration and implementing new production technologies. Withdrawal of sugar production quotas inthe EU resulted in increased sugar beet spring sowing in several member states, including Poland. Furtherdevelopments in 2018 and in the following years shall depend on the profitability of sugar beet crops andof sugar production. Significant influence is also to be expected from the isoglucose competition, productionof which is to enjoy quotas withdrawal, as well.