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Myelocytomatosis (MYC) transcription factors play a core regulator in the jasmonic acid signaling pathway, which regulates the secondary laticifer differentiation and rubber biosynthesis in rubber tree (<i>Hevea brasiliensis</i>). However, there are currently no reports on the MYC gene family in rubber trees, an important industrial raw material crop worldwide. In the present study, 32 <i>HblMYCs</i> were isolated and identified. The diversity in gene structure and presence of various cis-regulatory elements in promotors suggest that <i>HblMYCs</i> participate in various biological processes. Based on the expression patterns in the cambium region and laticifer in, respectively, response to coronatine (COR) and tapping, and the phylogenetic relationship with the MYCs that have been functionally identified in other plants, the <i>HblMYC24</i> and <i>HblMYC30</i> may be related to laticifer differentiation while the <i>HblMYC6</i>, <i>HblMYC11</i> and <i>HblMYC15</i>, as well as <i>HblMYC16</i> and <i>HblMYC21</i>, may positively regulate rubber biosynthesis. The results provide a foundation for understanding the molecular mechanism of jasmonate signaling in regulating laticifer differentiation and rubber biosynthesis in rubber tree.