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Oil and gas exploration is a sector which drives the global economy and currently contributes significantly to global economic development. The safety of subsea pipelines is deeply affected by factors such as pipeline buckling, corrosion and leakage. Once a subsea pipeline is seriously leaking or damaged, it will cause a lot of waste of resources at light level, and it will cause explosions in severe cases, resulting in heavy casualties and huge economic losses, and at the same time, seriously damaging the surrounding ecological environment. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to problems related to the buckling, corrosion and leakage of submarine pipelines. This paper consists of a literature review of the latest research about buckling, corrosion and leak detection.