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Our study aimed at assessing the role of <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> in nonspecific febrile illness at the National Center of Infectious Diseases in Algeria, EL-HADI FLICI Hospital. Seventy patients were included and compared to seventy controls without any ongoing infection. <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> infection was investigated using IFA serology and qPCR. Serology was positive in 3 of 70 patients (4.30%), including 1 in whom PCR was also positive (1.42%). All three patients reported frequent contact with ruminants. These results suggest that <i>C. burnetii</i> is an agent of nonspecific febrile illness in Algeria.