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With an insidious onset and a rapid progression, pregnancy-related acute kidney injury (PR-AKI) is an important cause of adverse maternal and infant outcomes and fatal complications in obstetric patients. A unique physiologic environment of pregnancy brings great challenges to clinical practices of nephrologists and obstetricians. With a recent liberalization of national two-child policy and a rapid development of assisted reproductive technology, there has been a growing number of elderly and high-risk women in labor. It is imperative to raise the awareness of PR-AKI. This review focused on the research advances in the outcomes of PR-AKI to provide references for clinicians to better understand the maternal-fetal outcomes of PR-AKI, identify which women are at a higher risk of poor prognosis and develop strategies for optimal managements and treatments.