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Peroxidase is the most important antioxidant enzyme in saliva. Through peroxidation of thiocyanate in&lt;br /&gt;the presence of H2O2, peroxidase catalyses the formation of bacteriocidic compounds such as hypothiocyanate.&lt;br /&gt;The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of chronic alcohol intoxication and smoking on the activity&lt;br /&gt;of oral peroxidase (OPO). A total of 37 volunteers participated in the study. This cohort consisted of 17 male&lt;br /&gt;alcohol-dependent smoking patients after chronic alcohol intoxication (AS group, alcohol + smoking) (mean&lt;br /&gt;age: 42 years; range: 26–55) (100–700 g/day of alcohol; 10–20 cigarettes/day) and 20 control male social drinkers&lt;br /&gt;(CNS group, control non-smokers) with no history of alcohol abuse or smoking (mean age: 42 years; range:&lt;br /&gt;30–53). Salivary peroxidase activity was measured by the colorimetric method. The differences between groups&lt;br /&gt;were evaluated using the Mann–Whitney U test. There was significantly higher activity of OPO (p = 0.00001)&lt;br /&gt;and significantly lower salivary flow (SF) (p = 0.007) in alcohol-dependent smokers after chronic alcohol intoxication&lt;br /&gt;compared to the control group. OPO activity significantly correlated with the number of days of alcohol&lt;br /&gt;intoxication, but not with smoking. Gingival index (GI) was significantly higher in smoking alcohol-dependent&lt;br /&gt;persons than in the control group, and correlated with OPO activity. The sensitivity of the OPO test was 70% in&lt;br /&gt;smoking alcoholics, while specificity was 95%. The increased activity of OPO suggests chronic oxidative stress is&lt;br /&gt;more likely due to ethanol action than to smoking. Smoking alcohol-dependent persons have a worse periodontal&lt;br /&gt;status than controls. OPO activity as a marker of chronic alcohol abuse may help in the diagnosis of alcoholism.<br>Peroxidase is the most important antioxidant enzyme in saliva. Through peroxidation of thiocyanate in&lt;br /&gt;the presence of H2O2, peroxidase catalyses the formation of bacteriocidic compounds such as hypothiocyanate.&lt;br /&gt;The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of chronic alcohol intoxication and smoking on the activity&lt;br /&gt;of oral peroxidase (OPO). A total of 37 volunteers participated in the study. This cohort consisted of 17 male&lt;br /&gt;alcohol-dependent smoking patients after chronic alcohol intoxication (AS group, alcohol + smoking) (mean&lt;br /&gt;age: 42 years; range: 26–55) (100–700 g/day of alcohol; 10–20 cigarettes/day) and 20 control male social drinkers&lt;br /&gt;(CNS group, control non-smokers) with no history of alcohol abuse or smoking (mean age: 42 years; range:&lt;br /&gt;30–53). Salivary peroxidase activity was measured by the colorimetric method. The differences between groups&lt;br /&gt;were evaluated using the Mann–Whitney U test. There was significantly higher activity of OPO (p = 0.00001)&lt;br /&gt;and significantly lower salivary flow (SF) (p = 0.007) in alcohol-dependent smokers after chronic alcohol intoxication&lt;br /&gt;compared to the control group. OPO activity significantly correlated with the number of days of alcohol&lt;br /&gt;intoxication, but not with smoking. Gingival index (GI) was significantly higher in smoking alcohol-dependent&lt;br /&gt;persons than in the control group, and correlated with OPO activity. The sensitivity of the OPO test was 70% in&lt;br /&gt;smoking alcoholics, while specificity was 95%. The increased activity of OPO suggests chronic oxidative stress is&lt;br /&gt;more likely due to ethanol action than to smoking. Smoking alcohol-dependent persons have a worse periodontal&lt;br /&gt;status than controls. OPO activity as a marker of chronic alcohol abuse may help in the diagnosis of alcoholism.