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Sb₂(S, Se)₃ solar cells have shown great promise due to the advantages of low cost, non-toxic and high stability. However, traditional devices commonly use noble metal as the back electrode, which not only increases device cost but also limits device stability. Herein, carbon materials are used to replace the noble metals in Sb₂(S, Se)₃ solar cells. In addition, to grow high-quality Sb₂(S, Se)₃ films, a two-step hydrothermal method was developed. The carbon-based Sb₂(S, Se)₃ solar cells based on the above film achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.76%. After inserting a stable P3HT layer at the Sb₂(S, Se)₃ film/carbon interface, hole extraction was enhanced and the PCE was promoted to 4.15%. This work brings out a promising route to produce emerging solar cells with cost-effective and stable materials.