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Medical-Grade Silicone Coated with Rhamnolipid R89 Is Effective against <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. Biofilms
oleh: Chiara Ceresa, Francesco Tessarolo, Devid Maniglio, Erica Tambone, Irene Carmagnola, Emanuele Fedeli, Iole Caola, Giandomenico Nollo, Valeria Chiono, Gianna Allegrone, Maurizio Rinaldi, Letizia Fracchia
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2019-10-01 |
Deskripsi
<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> are considered two of the most important pathogens, and their biofilms frequently cause device-associated infections. Microbial biosurfactants recently emerged as a new generation of anti-adhesive and anti-biofilm agents for coating implantable devices to preserve biocompatibility. In this study, R89 biosurfactant (R89BS) was evaluated as an anti-biofilm coating on medical-grade silicone. R89BS is composed of homologues of the mono- (75%) and di-rhamnolipid (25%) families, as evidenced by mass spectrometry analysis. The antimicrobial activity against <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. planktonic and sessile cells was evaluated by microdilution and metabolic activity assays. R89BS inhibited <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>S. epidermidis</i> growth with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC<sub>99</sub>) of 0.06 and 0.12 mg/mL, respectively and dispersed their pre-formed biofilms up to 93%. Silicone elastomeric discs (SEDs) coated by R89BS simple adsorption significantly counteracted <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. biofilm formation, in terms of both built-up biomass (up to 60% inhibition at 72 h) and cell metabolic activity (up to 68% inhibition at 72 h). SEM analysis revealed significant inhibition of the amount of biofilm-covered surface. No cytotoxic effect on eukaryotic cells was detected at concentrations up to 0.2 mg/mL. R89BS-coated SEDs satisfy biocompatibility requirements for leaching products. Results indicate that rhamnolipid coatings are effective anti-biofilm treatments and represent a promising strategy for the prevention of infection associated with implantable devices.