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<p><strong>Objective</strong> To study the risk factors for vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) after lacunar infarct (LACI).  <strong>Methods</strong> A total of 138 patients with LACI were evaluated by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and divided into normal cognitive function group (normal, N = 55), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) group (mild, N = 73) and severe cognitive impairment group (severe, N = 10). Univariate and backward multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to screen the risk factors for VCI after LACI.  <strong>Results </strong> Logistic regression analysis showed that infarct in critical site (<em>OR</em> = 1.179, 95% CI: 0.870-2.472; <em>P</em> = 0.012) and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) Grade 3-4 (<em>OR</em> = 2.005, 95% CI: 0.910-4.502; <em>P</em> = 0.024) were independent risk factors for VCI in patients with LACI.  <strong>Conclusions</strong> VCI in patients with LACI is related to multiple factors, in which infarct in critical site and WMH Grade 3-4 are independent risk factors.</p><p> </p><p><strong>DOI: </strong>10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2016.11.010</p>