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Preterm is viewed as the birth of a human foetus prior to 37 complete weeks of gestation. It has effects on the health of both the foetus and the mother, has financial consequences to the clinic and society as a whole, and due to its widespread occurrence is viewed as a global pandemic. Preterm can be viewed as a heterogeneous condition which is influenced by a variety of factors, the majority of which have been discussed separately in the medical literature, thus making it challenging for a comprehensive view and understanding to be formed of the topic. Using a semisystematic review methodology, this paper is structured in two parts where the first part gives a comprehensive review to what preterm is alongside a review of the topic under a number of pivotal discussion headings. Following this, in the second part of the paper, a review is conducted on the need and relevance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models in clinical medicine, after which a cybernetic framework is proposed which utilises a combination of AI and a clinical expert within the loop (human intelligence) to yield a ‘superintelligence’ platform aimed at producing a more reliable means of preterm prediction, and also allowing for enhanced and optimised care strategies to be delivered to the pregnant patient. The paper concludes with a number of key future areas that need to be addressed in order for the overall enhancement of the proposed cybernetic framework, which includes the need for ethical sharing of patient physiological data, the further consideration of ethnicity in preterm prediction due to disparity in gestational length amongst various ethnic groups, and also the prospect of mobile pregnancy monitoring using wearables and telemedicine.