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Dry eye is a common ocular surface disease accompanied by ocular discomfort, which severely affects the work and life of patients. There are numerous causes of dry eye, and the disease is easy to recur, which is difficult to cure effectively. With the application of polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and western blotting in study of dry eye, genomics events such as metagenomics, genetically engineered animals and gene transfection have been further explored in dry eye research. Advances in the application of genomics for dry eye are summarized, in order to provide an important basis for further revealing the risk factors and pathogenesis, and exploring new drugs and therapies for effective treatment of dry eye.