Components/factors of the Czech version of the Physical Self Perception Profile (PSPP-CZ) among high school students [Komponenty/faktory české verze dotazníku tělesného sebepojetí (PSPP-CZ) u středoškolských studentů]

oleh: Vlastimil Kudláček, Vlastimil Kudláček jr., Martin Kudláček, Michal Kudláček

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: Palacky University 2010-12-01

Deskripsi

<strong>BACKGROUND</strong>: The physical self has been widely investigated as a determinant of exercise behaviors as well as a contributor to mental health and well being (Fox, 1997). Self esteem has been generally accepted as an important mediator of exercise and self esteem (Fox, 2000; Sonstroem, 1997). Understanding self development processes has increased in importance as self esteem and self perception components have become increasingly valued in educational, clinical and community health programs (Ferreira & Fox, 2008). In order to examine the relationships between various levels of physical activities and self perception we need to use standardized instruments to measure physical self perception among Czech teenagers. <strong>OBJECTIVE</strong>: The purpose of this study was to analyse the structure of the translated PSPP-CZ questionnaire among the population of high school students by finding components of PSPP-CZ using principal component analysis. The Physical Self Perception Profile (PSPP) has never been used in the CZ population before. <strong>METHODS</strong>: Participants were high school students from five schools representing three kinds of high schools in the Czech Republic. Of these participants, 666 were boys and 403 were girls. The average age of the participants was 17.00 (± 1.34) in boys and 16.63 (± 1.39) in girls. Participants received a test battery containing a Czech version of PSPP (Fox, 1990). PSPP has four subscales: (a) sports competence – SPORT; (b) attractiveness of the figure – BODY; (c) physical strength and musculature – STRENGTH; and (d) physical conditioning and exercise – CONDITION (Fox, 1990). <strong>RESULTS</strong>: Data were analyzed using SPSS PC 11.0. Cronbach Alpha, representing the internal consistency measure consisted of: (a) sport subscale (males = .86, females = .86); (b) physical condition subscales (males = .82, females = .85); (c) attractiveness of figure subscales (males = .78, females = .88); and (d) strength subscale (males = .87, females = .85). Initially we have found that students from Czech high schools have a different structure of self perception then the original PSPP population from England (Fox, 1990). Our findings correspond with findings among Flemish adults (Van de Vliet et al., 2002; Ferreira & Fox, 2007) where components of sport and condition were also loaded into one factor. There are clear, subtle differences in the structure of physical self perception as related to cultural and language differences. Findings of internal reliability and content validity suggest that the three subscales questionnaire can be used in the Czech population as a valid and reliable instrument. <strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong>: In conclusion, we can recommend using the PSPP-CZ with three scales for use among young adults for the exploration of the role of physical self-perception as a determinant of physical activity/inactivity and a healthy lifestyle.<br>[<strong>V&Yacute;CHODISKA</strong>: Tělesn&eacute; sebepojet&iacute; bylo &scaron;iroce zkoum&aacute;no jako určuj&iacute;c&iacute; činitel pro cvičen&iacute; stejně jako jeden z prvků maj&iacute;c&iacute;ch vliv na du&scaron;evn&iacute; zdrav&iacute; a blaho (Fox, 1997). Sebepojet&iacute; je v&scaron;eobecně přij&iacute;m&aacute;no jako v&yacute;znamn&yacute; prostředn&iacute;k mezi cvičen&iacute;m a sebe&uacute;ctou (Fox, 2000; Sonstroem, 1997). Porozuměn&iacute; procesům seberozvoje nabylo na důležitosti, jelikož sebe&uacute;cta a sebepojet&iacute; jsou st&aacute;le v&yacute;znamněj&scaron;&iacute;mi komponenty vzděl&aacute;vac&iacute;ch, klinick&yacute;ch a komunitn&iacute;ch programů p&eacute;če o zdrav&iacute; (Ferreira &amp; Fox, 2008). Abychom mohli prozkoumat vztahy mezi různ&yacute;mi &uacute;rovněmi tělesn&yacute;ch aktivit a sebepojet&iacute;, mus&iacute;me k měřen&iacute; tělesn&eacute;ho sebepojet&iacute; mezi česk&yacute;mi adolescenty využ&iacute;t standardizovan&eacute; n&aacute;stroje. <strong>C&Iacute;LE</strong>: &Uacute;čelem t&eacute;to studie bylo analyzovat strukturu přeložen&eacute;ho dotazn&iacute;ku PSPP-CZ mezi populac&iacute; středo&scaron;kolsk&yacute;ch studentů, a to hled&aacute;n&iacute;m komponentů PSPP-CZ za pomoci anal&yacute;zy hlavn&iacute;ch komponentů. Dotazn&iacute;k tělesn&eacute;ho sebepojet&iacute; (Physical Self Perception Profi le, PSPP) na česk&eacute; populaci nikdy nebyl použit. <strong>METODIKA</strong>: Studie se z&uacute;častnili středo&scaron;kol&scaron;t&iacute; studenti z pěti &scaron;kol reprezentuj&iacute;c&iacute;ch tři typy &scaron;kol v Česk&eacute; republice, a to 666 chlapců a 403 d&iacute;vek. Průměrn&yacute; věk &uacute;častn&iacute;ků byl 17,00 (&plusmn; 1,34) let u chlapců a 16,63 (&plusmn; 1,39) let u d&iacute;vek. &Uacute;častn&iacute;ci obdrželi soubor testů obsahuj&iacute;c&iacute; českou verzi PSPP (Fox, 1990). PSPP m&aacute; čtyři sub&scaron;k&aacute;ly: a) sportovn&iacute; dovednosti &ndash; SPORT; b) atraktivita postavy &ndash; TĚLO; c) fyzick&aacute; s&iacute;la a muskulatura &ndash; S&Iacute;LA; a d) fyzick&aacute; př&iacute;prava a cvičen&iacute; &ndash; KONDICE (Fox, 1990). <strong>V&Yacute;SLEDKY</strong>: &Uacute;daje byly analyzov&aacute;ny za pomoci SPSS PC 11.0. Měř&iacute;tko intern&iacute; konzistence Cronbachova alfa zahrnovalo: a) sub&scaron;k&aacute;lu sportu (muži = 0,86, ženy = 0,86); b) sub&scaron;k&aacute;ly tělesn&eacute; kondice (muži = 0,82, ženy = 0,85); c) sub&scaron;k&aacute;ly atraktivity postavy (muži = 0,78, ženy = 0,88); a d) sub&scaron;k&aacute;lu s&iacute;ly (muži = 0,87, ženy = 0,85). Nejprve jsme zjistili, že struktura sebepojet&iacute; u česk&yacute;ch středo&scaron;kol&aacute;ků je odli&scaron;n&aacute; od původn&iacute; PSPP populace z Anglie (Fox, 1990). Na&scaron;e zji&scaron;těn&iacute; koresponduj&iacute; s v&yacute;sledky zji&scaron;těn&yacute;mi mezi vl&aacute;msk&yacute;mi dospěl&yacute;mi (Van de Vliet et al., 2002; Ferreira &amp; Fox, 2007), kde komponenty sportu a kondice byly tak&eacute; souč&aacute;st&iacute; jednoho faktoru. Ve struktuře tělesn&eacute;ho sebepojet&iacute; existuj&iacute; jasn&eacute;, přesn&eacute; rozd&iacute;ly podm&iacute;něn&eacute; kulturn&iacute;mi a jazykov&yacute;mi odli&scaron;nostmi. Zji&scaron;těn&iacute; o intern&iacute; reliabilitě a validitě obsahu naznačuj&iacute;, že dotazn&iacute;k se třemi sub&scaron;k&aacute;lami lze u česk&eacute; populace použ&iacute;t jako &uacute;činn&yacute; a spolehliv&yacute; n&aacute;stroj. <strong>Z&Aacute;VĚRY</strong>: Doporučujeme použit&iacute; PSPP-CZ se třemi &scaron;k&aacute;lami pro použit&iacute; mezi ml&aacute;dež&iacute; ke zkoum&aacute;n&iacute; role tělesn&eacute;ho sebepojet&iacute; jako určuj&iacute;c&iacute;ho činitele pohybov&eacute; aktivity/neaktivity a zdrav&eacute;ho životn&iacute;ho stylu.]