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Background: Previous studies have investigated the effect of songwriting on depression in depressed individuals. But there is a research gap around the study of the effect that the poetry play has on the self-esteem and hope of depressed people. Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of poetry play on the self-esteem and hope of dysthymic depressed individuals. Method: This was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test design with control group. The statistical population included all depressed patients referring to Arman Shayan Specialized Rehabilitation Center in 2019. Twenty-four depressed individuals were selected by purposive sampling and were randomly assigned into two groups of 12 experimental and control groups. Research instruments include: Lutz's Psychological Capital Scale (2007), Coprassimental Self-esteem Questionnaire (1967), and Researcher-Made Poetry Sessions (1398). Multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. Results: The genre of poetry had a significant effect on self-esteem and hope components (p< 0/05). The effect of treatment in the follow-up ward was also lasting (p< 0/05). Conclusions: Poetry play had an effect on improving self-esteem and hope components of depressed patients.