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Biological Characterization and Genomic Analysis of Three Novel <i>Serratia</i>- and <i>Enterobacter</i>-Specific Virulent Phages
oleh: Dziyana Shymialevich, Stanisław Błażejak, Paulina Średnicka, Hanna Cieślak, Agnieszka Ostrowska, Barbara Sokołowska, Michał Wójcicki
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2024-05-01 |
Deskripsi
Due to the high microbiological contamination of raw food materials and the increase in the incidence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, new methods of ensuring microbiological food safety are being sought. One solution may be to use bacteriophages (so-called phages) as natural bacterial enemies. Therefore, the aim of this study was the biological and genomic characterization of three newly isolated <i>Serratia</i>- and <i>Enterobacter</i>-specific virulent bacteriophages as potential candidates for food biocontrol. Serratia phage KKP_3708 (vB_Sli-IAFB_3708), Serratia phage KKP_3709 (vB_Sma-IAFB_3709), and Enterobacter phage KKP_3711 (vB_Ecl-IAFB_3711) were isolated from municipal sewage against <i>Serratia liquefaciens</i> strain KKP 3654, <i>Serratia marcescens</i> strain KKP 3687, and <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i> strain KKP 3684, respectively. The effect of phage addition at different multiplicity of infection (MOI) rates on the growth kinetics of the bacterial hosts was determined using a Bioscreen C Pro growth analyzer. The phages retained high activity in a wide temperature range (from −20 °C to 60 °C) and active acidity values (pH from 3 to 12). Based on transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging and whole-genome sequencing (WGS), the isolated bacteriophages belong to the tailed bacteriophages from the <i>Caudoviricetes</i> class. Genomic analysis revealed that the phages have linear double-stranded DNA of size 40,461 bp (Serratia phage KKP_3708), 67,890 bp (Serratia phage KKP_3709), and 113,711 bp (Enterobacter phage KKP_3711). No virulence, toxins, or antibiotic resistance genes were detected in the phage genomes. The lack of lysogenic markers indicates that all three bacteriophages may be potential candidates for food biocontrol.