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The microstructure and mechanical properties of pure W, sintered and swaged W-1.5ZrO₂ composites after 1.5 × 10¹⁵ Au⁺/cm² radiation at room temperature were characterized to investigate the impact of the ZrO₂ phase on the irradiation resistance mechanism of tungsten materials. It can be concluded that the ZrO₂ phase near the surface consists of two irradiation damage layers, including an amorphous layer and polycrystallization regions after radiation. With the addition of the ZrO₂ phase, the total density and average size of dislocation loops, obviously, decrease, attributed to the reason that many more glissile 1/2<111> loops migrate to annihilate preferentially at precipitate interfaces with a higher sink strength of 7.8 × 10¹⁴ m⁻²_. The swaged W-1.5ZrO₂ alloys have a high enough density of precipitate interfaces and grain boundaries to absorb large numbers of irradiated dislocations. This leads to the smallest irradiation hardening change in hardness of 4.52 Gpa, which is far superior to pure W materials. This work has a collection of experiments and conclusions that are of crucial importance to the materials and nuclear communities.