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GC-MS Profiling, Anti-<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Three Apiaceous Fruits’ Essential Oils
oleh: Hatun A. Alomar, Noha Fathallah, Marwa M. Abdel-Aziz, Taghreed A. Ibrahim, Wafaa M. Elkady
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2022-10-01 |
Deskripsi
Eradication of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> is a challenge due to rising antibiotic resistance and GIT-related disorders. <i>Cuminum cyminum, Pimpinella anisum</i>, and <i>Carum carvi</i> are fruits belonging to the Apiaceae family. Their essential oils were extracted, analyzed using GC-MS, tested for anti-<i>H. pylori</i> activity by a micro-well dilution technique, identified for potential anti-<i>H. pylori</i> inhibitors by an in-silico study, and investigated for anti-inflammatory activity using a COX-2 inhibition assay. Results showed that the main components of <i>C. cyminum, P. anisum,</i> and <i>C. carvi</i> were cumaldehyde (41.26%), anethole (92.41%), and carvone (51.38%), respectively. Essential oil of <i>C. cyminum</i> exhibited the greatest anti-<i>H. pylori</i> activity (3.9 µg/mL) followed by <i>P. anisum</i> (15.63 µg/mL), while <i>C. carvi</i> showed the lowest activity (62.5 µg/mL). The in-silico study showed that cumaldehyde in <i>C. cyminum</i> has the best fitting energy to inhibit <i>H. pylori.</i><i>C. cyminum</i> essential oil showed the maximum ability to reduce the production of Cox-2 expression approaching celecoxib with IC<sub>50</sub> = 1.8 ± 0.41 µg/mL, followed by the <i>C. carvi</i> oil IC<sub>50</sub> = 7.3 ± 0.35 µg/mL and then oil of <i>P. anisum</i> IC<sub>50</sub> = 10.7±0.63 µg/mL. The investigated phytochemicals in this study can be used as potential adjunct therapies with conventional antibiotics against <i>H. pylori.</i>